Sual və inkar cümlələri

Maraqlandığınızı və ya heyrətləndiyinizi bildirmək üçün have you? / is it? / can't he? və s. tipli suallardan istifadə edə bilərsiniz:

• 'You're late.'    'Oh, am I? I'm sorry.'
• 'I was ill last week.'     'Were you? I didn't know that.'
• 'It's raining again.'    'Is it? It was sunny ten minutes ago.'
• 'There's a letter for you.'     'Is there? Where is it?'
• 'Bill can't drive.'    'Can't he? I didn't know that.'
• 'I'm not hungry'    'Aren't you? I am.'
• 'Sue isn't at work today'    'Isn't she? Is she ill?'

İndiki zaman üçün do/does, keçmiş zaman üçün isə did köməkçi felindən istifadə edin:

• 'I speak four languages.'    'Do you? Which ones?'
• 'Tom doesn't eat meat.'    'Doesn't he? Does he eat fish?'
• 'Linda got married last week.'    'Did she? Really?'

Nəqli cünlələrin sonunda have you? / is it? / can't she? və s. tipindi kiçik suallardan istifadə edə bilərsiniz. Bu cür suallar ingilis dilində "question tags" adlanır:
Nəqli cümlədən sonra —> inkar question tag
İnkar cümlədən sonra —> təsdiq question tag

Bir qayda olaraq too və either ədatlarından cümlənin sonunda istifadə olunur:

So am I - mən də ('So I am'- yox), Neither have I - nə də mən ('Neither I have' - yox).

İnkar cümlələrində not (n't) -dan istifadı olunur:

Söz sırasında diqqətli olun: isim ilk feldən sonra gəlir:

• Where has David gone? ('Where has gone David?' - yox)
• Are those people waiting for something? ('Are waiting ... ?' - yox)
• When was the telephone invented? ('When was invented ... ?' - yox)

İndiki zamanda do/does, keçmiş zamanda did köməkçi felindən istifadə olunur:

Bəzən do əsas feldir (do you do / did he do etc.):

• What do you usually do at weekends?
• 'What does your brother do?'   'He works in a bank.'
• 'I broke my finger last week.'   'How did you do that?' ('How did you that?' - yox)

Why isn't ... ? / Why don't ... ? etc. (Why inkar):

• Where's John? Why isn't he here? ( 'Why he isn't here?' - yox)
• Why can't Paula come to the meeting tomorrow? ('Why Paula can't ... ?' - yox)
• Why didn't you phone me last night?

Aşağıdakı suallarda who/what mübtədadır:

• Who lives in this house? (= somebody lives in it — who?) ('Who does live?' - yox)
• What happened? (= something happened - what?) ('What did happen? - yox)
• What's happening? (What's = What is)
• Who's got my key? (Who's = Who has)

Aşağıdakı suallarda isə , who/what tamamlıqdır:

• Who did you meet yesterday? (= you met somebody — who?)
• What did Paul say? (= Paul said something - what?)
• Who are you phoning?
• What was Sylvia wearing?

Müqayisə edin :

1. George likes oranges.

• Who likes oranges? — George.
• What does George like? — Oranges.

2. Jill won some money.

• Who won some money? — Jill.
• What did Jill win? — A hundred pounds.

İnsanlar (somebody) barədə who sual sözündən istifadə edin. İnsanlar (something) barədə what sual sözündən istifadə edin:

• Who is your favourite singer?
• What is your favourite song?


Who ... ? / What ... ? / Where ... ? / Which ... ? sual sözləri ilə başlayan cümlələrdə sözönülər (to/from/with etc.) bir qayda olaraq cümlənin sonunda işlənir:

• 'Where are you from?'    'I'm from Thailand.'
• 'John was afraid.'    'What was he afraid of?'
• 'Who do these books belong to?'    'They're mine.'
• Tom's father is in hospital.'    'Which hospital is he in?'
• 'Kate is going on holiday.'    'Who with?' / 'Who is she going with?'
• 'I want to talk to you.'    'What about?' / 'What do you want to talk to me about?'


What's (= What is) it like? = bu haqda mənə nəsə danış — o, yaxşı ya pisdir, böyük ya kiçikdir, köhnə ya təzədir? və s.
'What is it like?' dedikdə, like sözönüdür. Bu like feli deyildir ('Do you like your new house?' və s.)

• A: There's a new restaurant in our street. B: What's it like? Is it good? A: I don't know. I haven't eaten there yet.
• A: What's your new teacher like? B: She's very good. We learn a lot.
• A: I met Linda's parents yesterday. B: Did you? What are they like? A: They're very friendly.
• A: Did you have a nice holiday? What was the weather like? B: It was lovely. The sun shone every day.

What isim (What colour ... ? / What kind ... ? etc.)

• What colour is your car?                         • What colour are your eyes?
• What size is this shirt?                             • What make is your TV set?
• What time is it?                                       • What day is it today?
• What kind of job do you want? (or What type of job ... ? / What sort of job ... ?)

İsim olmadan What :

• What's your favourite colour?
• What do you want to do this evening?

Which isim (əşyalar və ya insanlar):

• Which train did you catch - the 9.50 or the 10.30?
• Which doctor did you see — Doctor Ellis, Doctor Gray or Doctor Hill?

Which sual sözündən sonra isim olmadıqda onu əşyalar haqqında sual vermək üçün istifadə edirik (insanlar haqqında yox):

• Which is bigger — Canada or Australia?
  

Who sual sözündən sonra isim olmadıqda onu insanlar haqqında sual vermək üçün istifadə edirik:

• Who is taller - Bill or Gerry? ('Which is taller?' - yox)

What or which?
Kiçik sayda ehtimallardan danışdıqda which sual sözündən istifadə olunur:

• We can go this way or that way. Which way shall we go?
• There are four umbrellas here. Which is yours?

What daha ümumidir:

• What is the capital of Argentina?
• What sort of music do you like?

Müqayisə edin :

• What colour are his eyes? ( 'Which colour?' - yox)
  Which colour do you prefer, pink or yellow?
  
  
• What is the longest river in the world?
  Which is the longest river — the Mississippi, the Amazon or the Nile?

How ... ? - Necə ... ?

• 'How was the party last night?'    'It was great.'
• 'How do you usually go to work?'    'By bus.'

How sifər/zərf (how tall / how old / how often etc.):

How	tall are you?'   'I'm 1 metre 70.' big is the house?'   'Not very big.' old is your mother?'    'She's 45.' far is it from here to the airport?'    'Five kilometres.' often do you use your car?'   'Every day' long have they been married?'   'Ten years.' much was the meal?'    'Twenty pounds.'

How long does it take...? - Nə qədər müddətə... ?

• How long does it take by train from London to Manchester?
• It takes two hours by train from London to Manchester.
• How long does it take by car from your house to the station?
• It takes ten minutes by car from my bouse to the station?

	does		(you)
How long	did	it take	(Ann)	to ... ?
	will		(them)




	takes	(me)	a week
It	took	(Ann)	a long time	to ...
	will take	(them)	three hours

I started reading the book on Monday. I finished it on Wednesday evening.
It took me three days to read it.

• How long does it take to fly from London to Madrid?
• It takes a long time to learn a language.
• It doesn't take long to cook an omelette.
• It takes me 20 minutes to get to work.
• 'I came by train.'    'Did you? How long did it take (to get here)?
• It took Tom an hour to do his shopping.
• Did it take you a long time to find a job?
• How long will it take me to learn to drive?
• It will take us an hour to cook the dinner.